Definition: The Group refers to two or more persons who shares a common interest and come together to achieve common goals and objectives. The groups can be formal and informal; formal groups are created by the organization with the intent to accomplish its objective, while the informal groups get created spontaneously as soon as the individuals interact with each other. Types … [Read more...] about Types of Groups
Job Enlargement
Definition: The Job Enlargement refers to the horizontal expansion of jobs wherein more and more activities, and tasks are added to the existing job scope at the same level in the organization. In other words, job enlargement means increasing the scope of duties and responsibilities of an individual by adding the related activities to his existing job profile and generally … [Read more...] about Job Enlargement
Job Enrichment
Definition: The Job Enrichment is the job design technique used to increase the satisfaction among the employees by delegating higher authority and responsibility to them and thereby enabling them to use their abilities to the fullest. In other words, job enrichment is the opportunity given to the employees to explore their abilities when some tough task is assigned to them. … [Read more...] about Job Enrichment
Job Simplification
Definition: The Job Simplification means breaking the job into relatively easier sub-parts with the intention to enhance the individual’s productivity by minimizing the physical and mental efforts required to perform a complex job. Once the complex task is divided into the relatively easier tasks, each task is assigned to the individuals who perform these over and over … [Read more...] about Job Simplification
Job Design
Definition: The Job Design means outlining the task, duties, responsibilities, qualifications, methods and relationships required to perform the given set of a job. In other words, job design encompasses the components of the task and the interaction pattern among the employees, with the intent to satisfy both the organizational needs and the social needs of the … [Read more...] about Job Design
Theory X and Theory Y
Definition: The Theory X and Theory Y are the theories of motivation given by Douglas McGregor in 1960’s. These theories are based on the premise that management has to assemble all the factors of production, including human beings, to get the work done. McGregor believed that management can use either of the needs to motivate his employees, as grouped under theory X and … [Read more...] about Theory X and Theory Y
Modern Theory
Definition: The Modern Theory is the integration of valuable concepts of the classical models with the social and behavioral sciences. This theory posits that an organization is a system that changes with the change in its environment, both internal and external. There are several features of the modern theory that make it distinct from other sets of organizational theories, … [Read more...] about Modern Theory
NeoClassical theory
Definition: The NeoClassical Theory is the extended version of the classical theory wherein the behavioral sciences gets included into the management. According to this theory, the organization is the social system, and its performance does get affected by the human actions. The classical theory laid emphasis on the physiological and mechanical variables and considered these … [Read more...] about NeoClassical theory
Bureaucratic Theory
Definition: The Bureaucratic Theory is related to the structure and administrative process of the organization and is given by Max Weber, who is regarded as the father of bureaucracy. What is Bureaucracy? The term bureaucracy means the rules and regulations, processes, procedures, patterns, etc. that are formulated to reduce the complexity of organization’s … [Read more...] about Bureaucratic Theory
Henry Fayol’s 14 Principles of Management
Definition: The Administrative Theory was proposed by Henry Fayol, who studied the organizational problems from the manager’s viewpoint and found organization’s activities can be classified as Technical, Financial, Commercial, Security, Accounting and managerial. Henry Fayol's 14 Principles of Management Division of Work: The work should be divided among the individuals … [Read more...] about Henry Fayol’s 14 Principles of Management