Definition: Kaizen is a Japanese term which means "continuous improvement" on which Lean Manufacturing System is based. It refers to the continuous improvement and examination program constantly going on in the organization that stresses on the effective waste management, during the manufacturing process, as a result of which costs is further reduced below the initial standards … [Read more...] about Kaizen Costing
Crossing of Cheque
Definition: Crossing of a cheque is nothing but instructing the banker to pay the specified sum through the banker only, i.e. the amount on the cheque has to be deposited directly to the bank account of the payee. Hence, it is not instantly encashed by the holder presenting the cheque at the bank counter. If any cheque contains such an instruction, it is called a crossed … [Read more...] about Crossing of Cheque
Cheque
Definition: Cheque refers to a negotiable instrument that contains an unconditional order to the bank to pay a certain sum mentioned in the instrument, from the drawer's account, to the person to whom it is issued, or to the order of the specified person or the bearer. Parties to Cheque Basically, there are three parties to a cheque: Drawer: The person who draws the … [Read more...] about Cheque
Inventory
Definition: The word 'inventory' refers to the collection of unsold goods ready for sale in the normal course of business. In finer terms, it implies the stock held by the business in the process of production to serve as a buffer, which ensures proper supply of materials and maintains the smooth functioning of the business. The type of inventory depends on the nature of the … [Read more...] about Inventory
Ledger
Definition: Ledger implies the principal books of accounts, wherein all accounts, i.e. personal, real and nominal are maintained. After recording the transactions in the journal, the transactions are classified and grouped as per their title, and so all the transactions of similar type into are put in a particular account. Format of Ledger A ledger account is T-shaped, having … [Read more...] about Ledger
Journal
Definition: In the accounting world, Journal refers to a book wherein transactions are logged for the very first time, and that is why it is also called as "Book of Original Entry". In this book, all the regular business transactions are entered sequentially, i.e. as an when they arise. After that, the transactions are posted to the Ledger, in the concerned accounts. When … [Read more...] about Journal
Financial Statement
Definition: Financial Statement are systematically maintained, written summary of all the ledger account heads, exhibited in a way that it provides a clear view of the financial position, profitability and performance of the enterprise. These are prepared at the end of the accounting period, which is usually one year, after that it is audited by the auditor, to check their … [Read more...] about Financial Statement
Trial Balance
Definition: Trial Balance refers to a schedule, in which the balances of all ledger books are assembled into debit and credit columns, to check the arithmetical accuracy of the entries posted in the ledger accounts. Trial Balance is a tabular statement, containing a specified date on which it is prepared, indicated at the top of the statement. The balances of all the assets, … [Read more...] about Trial Balance
Internal Environment
Definition: Internal environment is a component of the business environment, which is composed of various elements present inside the organization, that can affect or can be affected with, the choices, activities and decisions of the organization. It encompasses the climate, culture, machines/equipment, work and work processes, members, management and management … [Read more...] about Internal Environment
Management Accounting
Definition: Management Accounting refers to the application of professional knowledge, techniques and concept in preparing the accounting information in such a manner, which helps the management of the organization in the formulating plans and policies, controlling the operations of the organization, decision making, optimising the use of resources, disclosure to management and … [Read more...] about Management Accounting